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Brick carvings capture Northern Song Dynasty theatrical scene

Updated: Apr 7, 2026 China Bound Print
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Brick carvings from the Northern Song Dynasty, the first row featuring five zaju performers and the second row depicting five instrument players, from the collection of the Henan Museum [Photo/Henan Museum official WeChat account]

Step onto a Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) "stage" through this set of brick carvings. The front row features five performers of zaju (a Chinese drama integrating singing, dance, poetry, and other artistic forms). The second row depicts five musicians beating a drum, clapping a drum, and playing pipa (a four-string lute), flute, and bili (a double-reed pipe). These expressive carvings, now housed in the Henan Museum, offer a snapshot of the daily life, theatrical art, and aesthetic taste of nearly one thousand years ago.

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